Soma Coal Deposits

 

The most suitable place in the formation of coal maturity and rates of Soma coal basins.

 Reserve of 600 million tons and the annual amount of 10 million tons of production per 4000-6000k.cal/kg particularly with AID to the town of Soma Manisa Turkey's economy creates a significant amount of value added.

 Basin, which is very important for our country on the order of Soma lignite coal, with the formation of the studies and provide information on geological formations.

BASIN GEOLOGICAL STUDIES IN SOMA

 Soma Basin geological studies started in the 1910s has continued until today, today Eynez, Kalemköy, Yaylaköy and vicinity as drilling continues. Dr. Soma Basin geological koyanlar aydınlamasına contribution. Nebert K. Dr. Charitable Dr. KLEİNSORGE Dr. Brinkman, Dr.RAMBERG, K. GÖKTUNALI, T. IŞIGANAR with the MTA (all geological engineers working in Soma), it is possible to count. Soma Basin coal with information about the order of formation, factors affecting the formation and stratigraphy of the basin, will be given as volcanism and tectonics.

 

 

FORMATION OF COAL MEDIA

 Coal terrestrial (limnic) environment or coastal marshes near the sea (Faralik), place (autochthonous) or moved (Allochthonous) result from the deposition of plant materials (sedimentary), composed of solid fuels.

 Paralik Watersheds; sea level rise and alçalım show as a result of continuous, independent of each other, whereas the vessel thickness is thinner than the number of advanced coal seams.

 In limnic Watersheds; vascular response is less than the number of vessels is the thickness.

 Turkey is a part of the limnic suhurlarının known Lignite Basins of the site consists of the whole.

Char FACTORS

1 - The amount and type of plant material in the basin.

 2 - Time.

 3 - Heat.

 4 - Pressure.

 5 - Süpsidans.

The degree of coalification, time, temperature and pressure are the concepts of each domain are alone, there are three of the more common effect. It just, is the oldest or the most exposed to pressure, the degree of carbonization of a coal seam is not always the highest.

Süpsidans general sense is defined as the collapse of the basin. Carbonization plant materials for the event deposited with the oxygen in the air without contact with a reducing environment must remain, pruning may be possible as a result of the collapse of the basin. Only in this way the collapse of the speed of the basin is important. If the subsidence of the water deriniği arttırmakda more, in this case Turuva necessary for the growth of marsh environment are eliminated. Precipitation is less time in contact with oxygen in the air, the degradation yığışan herbal materials in question. As a result, the rate of subsidence for the realization of char vegetable matter deposited will not come into contact with oxygen in the air so fast, too slow to not increase the water depth also must be an optimum value.

Of vegetable material during deposition, and extreme depth of water in the basin, depending on the water regime collapse or fazlalaştığı periods, the water in suspension in the coarse grained (sand, clay, silt) becomes the material deposition, interrupts the formation of this intermediate form of clay between the coal seams encountered.

SOMA BASIN STRATIGRAPHY

 Soma coal basin formations neogen time basis (peleozoyik) and the second time of the graywacke (Mesozoic) units composed of limestone.

 Graywacke unit - usually consists of sand stones. Sand stones are brownish-gray, fine-grained, tightly cemented hard graywacke composition. Sand stones at one of the deformed schistosity in some cases showing the levels of clay and limestone lenses featuring clay schist and silicified fracture zones can also be seen throughout.

 Unit-gray-dark gray-colored recrystallized limestone, microcrystalline Aphanitic designed to look locally. The limestones are fractured in a structure, usually located in the cracks of calcite deposits.

VOLCANISM:

The first took place after the Miocene basin volcanism Soma detected. Andesite and basaltic volcanism in the Miocene in this series, breaking the rise occurring. By contact metamorphism of volcanic rocks in places with the side that observed in some parts of the basin. Volcanism in the basin is the second most important post-volcanism neogen, called Pleistocene volcanism. Pleistocene volcanism in the basin is sometimes found with the andesite, basalt, tuffs and agglomerates are formed. Coal-fired layers of coal cutting and destruction of the volcanism that has eroded, so Kırınımlar occur.


Tectonics:
Prior to the final stages of the Miocene tectonic activity in the basin as a result of many alporojenezinin fault has occurred. During the pre-Miocene sedimentation of the activity of these faults continue neojendeki. Formation of faults with the time difference between the beginning of sedimentation is a small difference eşitlenmemiştir röyülef through alteration.

Bakırçay graben basin in the north central Somalia in general and in the south sea area can be divided into three parts as Kısrakdere Lights and Eynez area. These three blocks are available to take advantage of a great extent. Large faults saddle reaches 100 m in places. In addition, a large number of normal faults of various sizes are available. At two places in the basin thrust fault (thrust) have been identified. While there are many faults in the field folds (anticlines and synclines), not more. The field is seen in places küvetlenmeler. To the contrary, although it is generally in the direction of the southwestern slopes of stratum seems to slopes. Lignite seam generally has a slope of around 20 0. In addition, in some places up to 50 0 slopes have been identified.